2012年普通高等学校招生全国高中三年级英语统一考试

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）

试题副标题

考试范围：xxx；考试时间：120分钟；命题人：xxx

1.  （1分）__________ passion, people won't have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.

A．For B．Without C．Beneath D．By

2.  （1分）Is honesty the best policy? We __________ that it is when we are little.

A．will teach B．teach

C．are taught D．will be taught

3.  （1分）As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn't allowed __________ into the sports club.

A．going B．to go C．go D．gone

4.  （1分）The new law states that people __________ drive after drinking alcohol.

A．wouldn't B．needn't C．won't D．mustn't

5.  （1分）only with the greatest of luck __________ to escape from the rising flood waters.

A．managed she B．she managed

C．did she manage D．she did manage

6.  （1分）–I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.

–I know. By next month, he __________ enough for a used one.

A．will have saved B．will be saving

C．has saved D．saves

7.  （1分）When he took his gloves off, I noticed that __________ one had his name written inside.

A．each B．every C．other D．another

8.  （1分）I have a tight budget for the trip, so I'm not going to fly __________ the airlines lower ticket prices.

A．once B．if C．after D．unless

9.  （1分）When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble __________ the right things to say.

A．thinking of B．to think of C．thought of D．think of

10. （1分）There is much truth in the idea __________ kindness is usually served by frankness.

A．why B．which C．that D．whether

11. （1分）Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from __________ you received gifts?

A．which B．them C．that D．whom

12. （1分）The club, __________ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.

A．founded B．founding

C．being founded D．to be founded

13. （1分）–Was it by cutting down staff __________ she saved the firm?

–No, it was by improving work efficiency.

A．when B．what C．how D．that

14. （1分）–We've only got this small bookcase. Will that do?

–No. __________ I was looking for was something much bigger and stronger.

A．What B．Where C．That D．Which

15. （1分）"Genius" is a complicated concept, __________ many different factors.

A．involved B．involving

C．toinvolve D．beinginvolved

16. （1分）The map is one of the best tools a man has __________ he goes to a new place.

A．whenever B．whatever C．wherever D．however

Filmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn, ice cream and soft drinks that they buy in cinemas, according to the Food Standard Agency.

Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made __________, the nutrition inspector said.

Tim Smith, chief executive of the agency, told The 77 mes that cinemas should help to deal with the country's overweight __________.

"There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie-free, but that is not the case. It is a __________ to us," he said. "Portion sizes are also a big issue, and there seems to be increasingly big packs on sale."

He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manger, Wimpey and The Real Greek __________ to put calorie counts on all their menus.

A trial scheme with 21 food companies took place last summer, and __________ are that consumers altered their buying habits when they realised the number of calories in a product.

A consultation on the trial ends next month but Mr. Smith is already planning the second drive for American-style calorie counts and is __________ to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places, from football grounds to concert halls.

Government __________ suggest that two thirds of adults and a third of children are overweight. If trends are not __________, this could rise to almost nine in ten adults and two thirds of children by 2050, putting them at __________ risk of heart disease, cancer and other diseases.

People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another __________, subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his __________;  sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely to __________ aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In __________ these and other research findings, two themes are __________: we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think __________ assistance.

In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. __________, in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be __________, but had apparently been "lost". The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very __________ person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to __________ the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.

The degree of __________ between the potential helper and the person in need is also important.

For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a __________ T-shirt than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive words.

Whether a person receives help depends in part on the "worth" of the case. For example, shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone. __________ to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for __________ than cookies. Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be __________ rather than drunk.

26. A．study B．way C．word D．college

27. A．hand B．arm C．face D．back

28. A．refuse B．beg C．lose D．receive

29. A．challenging B．recording

C．understanding D．publishing

30. A．important B．possible C．amusing D．missing

31. A．seek B．deserve C．obtain D．accept

32. A．At first B．Above all C．In addition D．For example

33. A．printed B．mailed C．rewritten D．signed

34. A．talented B．good-look C．helpful D．hard-working

35. A．send in B．throw away C．fill out D．turn down

36. A．similarity B．friendship C．cooperation D．contact

37. A．expensive B．plain C．cheap D．strange

38. A．time B．instructions C．money D．chances

39. A．shoppers B．research C．children D．health

40. A．talkative B．handsome C．calm D．sick

Phil White has just returned from an 18, 000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making thisepicjourney. First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised ￡70, 000 for the British charity, Oxfam. White's second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not.

White set off from Trafalgar Square, in London, on 19th June 2004 and was back 299 days later. He spent more than l, 300 hours in thesaddle and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe, the Middle East, India, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Americas. Amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team. No jeep carrying food, water and medicine. No doctor. Nothing! Just a bike and a very, very long road.

The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up to 45 degrees, all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. In Iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had. The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. For l, 000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him. This part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end. Now Mr. White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures.

41. When Phil White returned from his trip, he __________.

A．broke the world record

B．collected money for Oxfam

C．destroyed several bikes

D．travelled about l, 300 hours

42. What does the word "epic" in Paragraph l most probably mean?

A．Very slow but exciting.

B．Very long and difficult.

C．Very smooth but tiring.

D．Very lonely and depressing.

43. During his journey around the world, Phil White __________.

A．fought heroically against robbers in Iran

B．experienced the extremes of heat and cold

C．managed to ride against the wind in Australia

D．had a team of people who travelled with him

44. Which of the following words can best describe Phil White?

A．Imaginative. B．Patriotic. C．Modest. D．Determined.

The value-packed, all-inclusive sight-seeing package that combines the best of Sydney's harbour, city, bay and beach highlights.

A SydneyPass gives you unlimited and flexible travel on the Explorer Buses: the 'red' Sydney Explorer shows you around our exciting city sights wlrile the 'blue' Bondi Explorer visits Sydney Harbour bays and famous beaches. Take to the water on one of three magnificent daily harbour cruises . You can also travel free on regular Sydney Buses, Sydney Ferries or CityRail services , so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city.

Imagine browsing at Darling Harbour, sampling the famous seafood at Watsons Bay or enjoying the city lights on an evening ferry cruise. The possibilities and plans are endless with a SydneyPass. Wherever you decide to go, remember that bookings are not required on any of our services so tickets are treated on a first in, first seated basis.

SydneyPasses are avai-lable for 3, 5 or 7 days for use over a 7 calendar day period. With a 3 or 5 day pass you choose on which days out of the 7 you want to use it. All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3, 5 or 7 days, and Lhe return trip is valid for 2months from the first day your ticket was used.

SydneyPass Fares

*A childis defined as anyone from the ages of 4 years to under 6 years. Children under 4 years travel free.

*A familyis defined as 2 adults and any number of children from 4 to under 16 years of age from the same family.

45. A SydneyPass doesn't offer unlimited rides on __________.

A．the Explorer Buses

B．the harbour cruises

C．regular Sydney Buses

D．CityRail services

46. With a SydneyPass, a traveller can __________.

A．save fares from and to the airport

B．take the Sydney Explorer to beaches

C．enjoy the famous seafood for free

D．reserve seats easily in a restaurant

47. If 5-day tickets were to be recommended to a mother who travelled with her colleague and her children, aged 3, 6 and 10, what would the lowest cosplayt be?  

A．$225. B．$300. C．$360. D．$420.

Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders.

Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same "fight-or-flight" reaction to stress. In other words, individuals eicher react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict , or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation . However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called "tend and befriend." That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young , and by looking for social contact and support from others—especially other females .

Scientists have long known that in the fight-or-flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certainhormones released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin, has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that "animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious." While men alsosecrete oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.

In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.

The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.

The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress-related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend-and-befriendregulatory system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.

48. The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to __________.

A．turn to friends for help

B．solve a conflict calmly

C．find an escape from reality

D．seek comfort from children

49. Which of the following is true aboutoxytocinaccording to the passage?

A．Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.

B．Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.

C．Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.

D．Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men

50. What can be learned from the passage?

A．Male hormones help build up the body's resistance to stress.

B．In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.

C．Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.

D．The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.

51. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A．How men and women get over stress

B．How men and women suffer from stress

C．How researchers overcome stress problems

D．How researchers handle stress-related disorders

 __________ 

Learning to read early has become one of those indicators—in parents'minds at least—that their child is smart. In fact, reading early has very little to do with whether a child is successful academically. Research has shown that difficulty with reading is often due not to inferior intelligence but to differences in the developmental wiring of each individual child. In some cases, there are neurological problems and developmental lags that can be overcome with proper training.

 __________ 

Traditionally, American schools teach children at age six, but many schools begin teaching informally in kindergarten and pre-kindergarten. If parents start too early to encourage reading, and a child does not immediately succeed, the parent has a hard time relaxing and letting the child go at his or her own pace.

 __________ 

Over the years, research has proved that the use of both the "whole language" method and the "phonic" method works best for a child to master reading. While the whole language approach, which includes reading to children and getting them interested in both the activity of reading and the story they are reading, is helpful, phonics must be taught. Children must be taught that one of the squiggles they see is a "p" and another a "b". Getting the print off the page requires a different ability than being able to understand the meaning of what is written.

 __________ 

You can start developing the skills needed in reading at a very young age without putting any pressure on children. Besides reading to them, parents can start "ear training" their child by playing rhyme games. This develops the child's ability to recognize different sounds. In reading to children, parents also can point to words as they go, teaching the child that the funny lines on the page are the words you are saying. All this should be a fun activity.

 __________ 

once a child is in school, the learning of reading is inevitably more serious. For children who have some kind of reading difficulty, you must get a professional diagnosis. While the teacher might say the child is merely disinterested but will get over it, disinterest or poor performance in reading can stem from a number of things, some being very specific learning disabilities that can be identified and worked on. But it is very tricky for parents to deal with their own child's learning disabilities.

A．When a child should learn to read

B．Why it is fun to teach a child reading

C．What if a child has reading problems

D．How you prepare a young child for reading

E．What is the best way to teach a child reading

F．Whether reading early promises later achievements

While contact between adolescents and their peers is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.

This pattern of age segregation in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults, with adults working and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults. School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children. Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 to 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent to 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size.

Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents' daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. In sixth grade, adults account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of  adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically  make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so.

57. "This pattern of age segregation" refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselves from __________.

58. Besides changes in the workplace, __________ are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture.

59. When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults?

________________________________________________________________________________________________

60. How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups?

________________________________________________________________________________________________

61. （3分）她五年前开始拉小提琴。（play）

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

62. （4分）因为天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。（owing）

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

63. （4分）每位设计师都期望我们的作品能经受时间的考验。（stand）

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

64. （4分）能否抵御网游的魅惑是摆在初中生面前的一道难点。（It）

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

65. （5分）在展览会上，公司销售经理展示了孩子们翘首以盼的新型电子玩具。（demonstrate）

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

66. （25分）Directions: Write an English composition in 120–150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

上周一，你在一所小学观摩了小姑娘Amy所在班级的两堂绘画课（如图所示），回家后你用英语写了一篇日记，内容包含：

1. 对两堂绘画课的具体描述；

2. 你从中获得的启发。

参考答案及分析

1、 单选题

1.  【答案】B

 【分析】考查介词辨析。句意：没热情，大家就不会有创造性思维的动力或创造性思维的必要的快乐。A项“为，为了；由于；给；对于；”；C项“在…...之下”；D项“通过；被；依据；经由；在附近；在…...之前”；B项“没；超越；在…...外面”。依据句子的语境可知，大家会有创造性思维的动力或必要的快乐，是来自于热情，假如没热情，就不可以激起大家的动力也不可以带来快乐。因此B项符合语境，其它均不符合，故选B。

2.  【答案】C

 【分析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：诚实是处事的最好原则吗？当大家非常小的时候，大家就如此被教会着。做本题的重点是要找出teach与we的关系，teach后面一般要跟双宾语，即teach sb. sth.；依据句意可知，小时候，应该是老师或长辈教大家诚实是处事的原则；所以teach与we构成被动关系，要用被动语态，排除A和B；因为本句讲述的是客观事实，要用一般目前时态的被动语态：are taught，故选C。

3.  【答案】B

 【分析】考查非谓语动词。句意：因为杰克把会员卡放在了家，所以他不被允许进入体育会所。allow的使用方法是 allow doing sth. 或者allow sb. to do sth.；sb. be allowed to do sth. 某人被允许做某事，依据句意，他不被“允许”进入体育会所。故选B。

4.  【答案】D

 【分析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：新的法律说大家酒后禁止开车。A. wouldn't是won't的过去时，表示：不想；B. needn't不必；C. won't不想；D. mustn't表示禁止。结合句意是：新的法律说大家酒后禁止开车。故选D。

5.  【答案】C

 【分析】考查倒装句。句意：正是凭着非常好的运势，他才成功地从上涨的洪水中逃了出来。Only+介词短语/时间状语/从句放句首时，主句用部分倒装。A是全部倒装；B、D未倒装；故选C。

6.  【答案】A

 【分析】考查动词时态。句意：–我听说Jason正计划买一辆车。–我了解。但到下个月他才能攒够买一辆二手车的钱。句中的时间状语By next month是“到下个月之前，不迟于下个月”的意思，所以本句要用以后完成时：will+have+动词的过去分词形式，这里表示在以后即“下个月”之前完成“攒够买一辆二手车的钱”这件事。故选A。

7.  【答案】A

 【分析】考查代词辨析。句意：当他摘下手套时，我注意到每一个手套里面都写着他的名字。each“各自的”，强调个体；every“每一个的”，强调整体；other“其他的，另外的”；another“又一，另外的”。由于other后面常跟复数名词，但也可以跟单数名词，但常和定冠词the搭配，the other用来表示“（两个中的）另一个”，因此可排除C项；another一般是指三者或三者以上的另一个，从手套的数目上来看可排除D项；再从each强调个体和every强调整体这方面看，此处强调每一只手套，故选A。

8.  【答案】D

 【分析】考查连词辨析。句意：我旅游的预算非常吃紧，所以不计划坐飞机，除非航空公司减少票价。once“一旦”，引导时间状语从句；if“假如”，引导条件状语从句；after“在...…之后”，引导时间状语从句；unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句。剖析可知"I'm not going to fly"和"the airlines lower ticket prices"是逻辑上的“条件”关系，故排除A和C两项；而unless在乎义上等于if…not，因此在有的场所中unless与if…not可互换用。那样依据句子所表达的意思可排除B项，故选D。

9.  【答案】A

 【分析】考查固定搭配。句意：当彼得在公共场合讲话时，他一直找不到适合的话说。本题考查固定搭配have trouble doing sth. 做…...有困难，in可以省略，故选A。

10. 【答案】C

 【分析】考查名词性从句。句意：这个想法有很多哲理，坦诚为善良服务。kindness is usually served by frankness是对the idea的讲解说明，是the idea的内容，而后面句子成分完整，所以不是定语从句，而是同位语从句，故用that来引导；故选C。

11. 【答案】D

 【分析】考查定语从句。句意：你给送给你礼物的亲戚发感谢信了吗？剖析句子结构可知，主句为"Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives"，"from __________ you received gifts"为定语从句，此处是介词前置的定语从句，先行词为the relatives指代人，依据动词短语搭配receive sth from sb. 可知，介词+关系代词结构为"from whom"，因此D项符合语境，故选D。

12. 【答案】A

 【分析】考查非谓语动词。句意：成立于25年前的会所正在为新老会员举行一场晚会。本句的主干为The club is holding a party for past and present members，而 __________ 25 years ago为一个定语成分，修饰the club，the club和found之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词；排除B项，C表示正在被建，D项表示以后，与25 years ago矛盾，均可排除；故选A。

13. 【答案】D

 【分析】考查强调句。句意：–是通过裁员才使得她挽救了公司吗？–不是的。是通过提升工作效率。本句考查强调句型的一般疑问句型，强调的为一介词短语作方法状语，所以缺少强调句型的标志词that，故选D。

14. 【答案】A

 【分析】考查名词性从句。句意：–大家只不过得到这个小书厨，那行吗？–不，我想找的是更大的更结实的。本题考查名词性从句里的主语从句，依据look for sth. 可以看出该句子是缺少宾语的，可排除作状语的B；that 在名词性从句中不充当成分和意义，可排除C；what 即可以充当主语，也可以充当宾语，which作关系代词表示从确定选择对象中的选择一个，不符合，可排除。故选A。

15. 【答案】B

 【分析】考查非谓语动词。句意：“天才”是一个复杂的定义，涉及了很多不一样的原因。依据"is"和"involve"两个动作之间无连接词出现可知，此处应用非谓语动词做状语，由于concept与involve是主动关系，用目前分词。目前分词短语作非限制性定语。此处等于一个非限制性定语从句which involves many different factors。将它改成短语的形式就是目前分词短语involving many different factors。选项A过去分词和选项D目前分词的被动式，与句子主语的关系是被动的，所以排除选项A和D，而这个定义目前本身就涉及，所以排除表示以后的C，故选B。

16. 【答案】A

 【分析】考查状语从句。句意：地图是无论何时一个人去一个新地方时所带的最好工具之一。剖析可知"a man has"是省略了引导词that的定语从句，其先行词是tools；而" __________ he goes to a new place"是状语从句。剖析" __________ he goes to a new place"的句子成分可知：句子是"主+谓（vi.）+介词+宾"结构，缺状语，此时可排除在句中可带指成分的whatever，故B不正确。whenever“无论何时”，做时间状语；wherever“无论何地”，做地址状语；however“无论怎么样”，做方法状语。依据句子所表达的意思可知使用whenever做时间状语更符合句意，故选A。

2、 使用适合的单词或短语填空

●   【剖析】本文是一篇说明文。食品标准局（Food Standards Agency）指出在影院买来的爆米花、冰激凌和饮料含较多的卡路里，会容易致使儿童超重，他们会遭到心脏病、癌症及其他疾病的紧急威胁，因此应该提升人类的认识并联合影院等娱乐场合降低这种食品的售卖来保护人类的健康。

17. 【答案】available；

 【分析】依据make的使用方法，得知假如变成被动后面要加不定式，所以排除十个单词里的动词，只能从形容词选择，依据句意得出答案为available。故选available。

18. 【答案】crisis；

 【分析】依据单词overweight的形容词性可以判断该空为名词，依据句意答案为crisis。故选crisis。

19. 【答案】concern；

 【分析】依据不定冠词a可以判断该空为可数的单数名词，依据上下文可以看出答案为concern。故选concern。

20. 【答案】decided；

 【分析】依据该空所在的宾语从句，可以看出该句缺谓语，所以需要填一个动词，又依据该空后面的to，可以看出此动词后面须加不定式，故选decided。

21. 【答案】indications；

 【分析】依据句子成分可以看出此空却主语，因此应该在是个选项当中找出名词进行筛选，依据谓语动词are判断此处应该为可数名词的复数，再依据词义看出答案为indications。故选indications。

22. 【答案】anxious；

 【分析】依据句子成分可以看出be动词后面缺形容词，依据句意应该是焦虑的。故选anxious。

23. 【答案】figures；

 【分析】依据suggest可以看出本句缺主语，虽然前面已经有一个government，但依据宾语从句可以看出主语不完整，从句意思为三分之二的成年人和三分之一的孩子儿超重，所以前面肯定是和数字有关的名词，故选figures。

24. 【答案】reversed；

 【分析】依据句子成分剖析，这里不是形容词就是被动语态缺过去分词，依据句子意思，是否了解答案为reversed，意思为趋势不被扭转，到了2050年，或许会致使十分之九的成年人和三分之二的孩子儿超重，故选reversed。

25. 【答案】serious；

 【分析】依据at risk这个词组可以看出risk这里为名词，需要一个形容词来修饰，故选serious。

3、 完形填空

●   【剖析】本文是一篇研究报告，是说明文。日常忍忍都需要帮助，但在哪种状况下更容易获得帮助呢？文章陈述了研究职员通过不一样的调查研究所发现的一些不同状况。

26. 【答案】A

 【分析】考查名词辨析。A. 学习，研究；B. 办法；C. 单词；D. 大学。依据下文these and other research findings和in a field study提示，在另一份研究中，故选A。

27. 【答案】C

 【分析】考查名词辨析。A. 手；B. 胳膊；C. 脸；D. 背部。依据下文"if his face was spotless,"提示可知，受害者脸上有一个巨大的红色胎记。故选C。

28. 【答案】D

 【分析】考查动词辨析。A. 拒绝；B. 乞求；C. 失去；D. 接收，收到。依据下文"are more likely to receive aid"提示可知，假如受害者的脸无污点的比有不引人注意的胎记更大概获得援助。故选D。

29. 【答案】C

 【分析】考查动词辨析。A. 挑战；B. 记录；C. 理解；D. 出版。依据语境可知，在知道这类和其他研究结果过程中。故选C。

30. 【答案】A

 【分析】考查形容词辨析。A. 要紧的；B. 可能的；C. 有趣的；D. 失踪的。依据语境可知，发现两个要紧的主题。故选A。

31. 【答案】B

 【分析】考查动词辨析。A. 探寻，追求；B. 值得；C. 获得；D. 同意。依据语境可知，由于某种缘由大家更想帮助大家喜欢的人和大家觉得值得帮助的人。故选B。

32. 【答案】D

 【分析】考查介词短语。A. 起初，开始；B. 最重要的；C. 除此之外；D. 比如。依据下文举列说明看法"In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid."，故选D。

33. 【答案】B

 【分析】考查动词辨析。A. 打印；B. 邮寄；C. 重写；D. 签名。依据下文"actually mailed it or not"提示可知，是申请被邮寄。故选B。

34. 【答案】B

 【分析】考查形容词辨析。A. 有才能的；B. 漂亮的；C. 有帮助的；D. 努力工作的。依据语境可知，附在申请上的照片一张是面貌漂亮的、一张不太有吸引力的人。故选B。

35. 【答案】A

 【分析】考查动词短语辨析。A. 递送；B. 扔掉；C. 装满；D. 拒绝，调小。依据语境可知，结果表明，假如照片上人外表上有吸引力，大家更可能递送这个申请。send in，意为“递送”。故选A。

36. 【答案】A

 【分析】考查名词辨析。A. 相似性；B. 友谊；C. 合作；D. 联系。依据语境可知，在潜在的助手和有需要的人之间的相似程度也非常重要。故选A。

37. 【答案】B

 【分析】考查形容词辨析。A. 贵的；B.简朴的，朴素的；C. 实惠的；D. 奇怪的，陌生的。 依据语境可知，T恤上印上进攻的话和朴素的T恤相对比。故选B。

38. 【答案】C

 【分析】考查名词辨析。A. 时间；B. 指示，说明；C. 钱；D. 机会。依据知识应该给钱买牛奶。故选C。

39. 【答案】D

 【分析】考查名词辨析。A. 客户，购物者；B. 研究；C. 儿童；D. 健康。依据语境可知，对健康来讲，牛奶被觉得比饼干更要紧。故选D。

40. 【答案】D

 【分析】考查形容词辨析。A. 健谈的；B. 英俊的；C. 镇定的；D. 病的。依据语境可知，生病的好像喝醉的更容易收到帮助，故选D。

4、 阅读理解

●   【剖析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Phil White为了给英国的慈善机构乐施会筹集善款，与为了破世界纪录，成为全世界骑自行车最快的人，他历程了299天，1300多个小时骑自行车完成了一万八千英里的行程。他的这次骑自行车旅游是在没其他人与任何物资的援助下，一个人一人历经各种艰险，并最后将筹集到的善款交给乐施会的故事。本文作者通过讲述如此一个故事，是为了说明Phil White是一个热心慈善，勇于克服苦难，做事情坚持不懈，有目的，有毅力的人。

41. 【答案】B

 【分析】细节理解题。本题的题干是：当Phil White从旅程中返回来的时候，他做了哪些？依据第一段"Phil White has just returned from…he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised 70, 000 for the British charity, Oxfam."可知，Phil White刚刚从环球骑自行车18, 000公里的旅程中返回，…...他想借助这次旅游为慈善机构筹筹资金，这一点他做到了；他为英国的慈善机构乐施会筹集了70000元的善款；故选B。

42. 【答案】B

 【分析】词义猜测题。通读全文并依据第三段可知，Phil White的这次自行车之旅是在没其他人帮助与历尽艰险的状况下完成的，因此第一段中epic（史诗般的）表达的意思与B相同：既长又艰难；故选B。

43. 【答案】C

 【分析】细节理解题。依据第三段"The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. For l, 000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him."可知：在旅途中，他历程的最糟糕的事情就是在穿过澳大利亚南部的时候，骑自行车逆风行驶了1, 000公里；另外，本段中"In Iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had."只不过讲述了他在伊朗被武装打劫者追赶并侥幸逃跑的历程，这里并没描述他英勇地抗击强盗的过程；所以A，不正确；故选C。

44. 【答案】D

 【分析】细节理解题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Phil White为了给英国的慈善机构乐施会筹集善款，与为了破世界纪录，成为全世界骑自行车最快的人，他历程了299天，1300多个小时骑自行车完成了18, 000英里的行程。在没其他人与物资的帮忙下，一个人一人历经各种艰险，最后完成旅程。由此可知：他做事很坚持不懈，并且有决心；故选D。

●   【剖析】本文是一则广告，介绍的是怎么用悉尼公交的一种套票。悉尼套票提供3、5、7天不等的海港城市，海湾和海滩等地旅游路线。一张悉尼套票带给你无限的和灵活的观光巴士旅游，红色的观光巴士带你参观让人开心的城市景观而蓝色的观光巴士带你参观悉尼港海湾和著名的海滩。有一种悉尼套票可以无限次搭乘巴士、渡轮及有限度市区火车，套票票价分为儿童、成人和家庭三种，因时间不同而价格各异。

45. 【答案】D

 【分析】细节理解题。依据第二段最后一句"CityRail services , so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city."可知，悉尼套票有限度搭乘市区火车，不可以无限次地搭乘，故选D。

46. 【答案】A

 【分析】细节理解题。依据第四段的"All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip."可知，有悉尼套票，旅客就能节省从机场到机场的票价，故选A。

47. 【答案】C

 【分析】细节理解题。依据图表和下面的说明可知：Children under 4 years travel free，说明三岁的孩子免费，六岁和十岁的每个人60USD，成年人每个人120USD，所以两个成年人是240USD，加上两个孩子120USD，共360USD，故选C。

●   【剖析】本文是一篇科普说明文。面对日常的种种重压，男士和女人会表现出不一样的反应：男士的反应总是是或战或逃，女人总是是一种被称之为“照顾和结友”的态度。文章主要讲述了男士和女人对重压反应有什么区别和缘由与是怎么样克服重压的。

48. 【答案】C

 【分析】细节理解题。依据第二段中的"While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called 'tend and befriend'."可知，面对重压，男士的反应总是是或战或逃，女人总是是一种被称之为“照顾和结友”的态度。所以男性比女性更可能逃避现实。故选C。

49. 【答案】D

 【分析】细节理解题。依据第三段可知，A项内容未涉及；依据第三句"This hormone, called oxytocin. it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress."可排除B项；依据倒数第二句可知，催产素水平高的人和动物更容易平静、放松，而不是说人和动物的催产素水平都高，故排除C项；依据最后一句"While men also secrete oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones."可知，男士尽管也分泌这种催产素，但受男士荷尔蒙的影响，它有哪些用途减少了，所以对女人的影响更大。故选D。

50. 【答案】C

 【分析】推理判断题。依据第三段第一句"…in the fight-or-flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones released by the body."可知，男士对于重压或战或逃的反应是体内荷尔蒙释放的结果，故排除A项；依据倒数第二段可知，爸爸妈妈劳累一天回家后的反应是不一样的，故排除B项；文章所述内容才是UCLA的研究结果，故排除D项；依据第二段中的"…men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress."可知，对于重压，男士和女人有完全不一样的生物反应和行为反应。故选C。

51. 【答案】A

 【分析】标题概括题。本文主要讲述了男士和女人因为不一样的激素影响，面对重压时所采取的不同应付方法。故选A。

5、 信息匹配型任务型阅读

●   【剖析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了儿童的阅读培养问题。不少父母从孩子非常小的时候就开始培养孩子的阅读，有的甚至在婴幼儿园的时候就让孩子阅读，但，效果甚微。本文讲到了一些儿童阅读能力培养的办法，在孩子非常小的时候，父母可以多念书给孩子听，充分培养孩子的辨音能力。

52. 【答案】F

 【分析】通读本段第一二两句话Learning to read early has become one of those indicators—in parents minds at least—that their child is smart. In fact, reading early has very little to do with whether a child is successful academically. 可知本段主要探讨早期的阅读是不是能带来日后的收获。故选F。

53. 【答案】A

 【分析】依据本段中几个重点的时间状语at age six, in kindergarten and pre-kindergarten可知本段主要在讨论孩子应何时学习阅读。故选A。

54. 【答案】E

 【分析】本段第一句Over the years, research has proved that the use of both the "whole language" method and the "phonic" method works best for a child to master reading. 就是中心句，故选E。

55. 【答案】D

 【分析】通过You can start…，parents can start…及parents also can point…可知本段主要告诉作为爸爸妈妈大家该怎么样使孩子为阅读做好筹备。故选D。

56. 【答案】C

 【分析】通过本段第二句中的"For children who have some kind of reading difficulty." 可知，本段主要介绍假如孩子有某类型型的阅读困难该如何解决。故选C。

6、 阅读表达

●   【剖析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了青少年群体中出现的“隔代现象”——愈加多青少年想花更多的时间和同伴在一块，而不是和晚辈或者长辈。本文讲述了这一现象形成的历史和缘由——社会结构的变化，工业时期爸爸妈妈在外工作的增多，青少年群体的人口增多与家庭教育方面是什么原因——爸爸妈妈越是制约孩子，孩子越是期望摆脱爸爸妈妈的约束，和同龄人结伴玩耍。

57. 【答案】younger children and adults；

 【分析】依据Changes in the workplace separated children from adults. 和which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children. 可判断答案，故填younger children and adults。

58. 【答案】school reform efforts and the changes in population；

 【分析】依据School reform efforts during the nineteenth century.和the changes in population are considered a factor. 可判断还有学校改革的努力和人口的变化，故填school reform efforts and the changes in population。

59. 【答案】In early adolescence.

 【分析】依据 This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. 故填In early adolescence。

60. 【答案】They have less close supervision of parents.|||They manage to escape adult supervision.|||They are increasingly autonomous.

 【分析】依据 adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision. 可判断，故填They have less close supervision of parents.或They manage to escape adult supervision.或They are increasingly autonomous.

7、 中文翻译英文

61. 【答案】She beganto plan the violin five years ago.

 【分析】依据句中时间状语“五年前”，句中时态应为过去时，短语“开始做某事begin to do sth.”；“拉小提琴play the violin”，故答案为She began to plan the violin five years ago。

62. 【答案】Owing to bad weather, the flight was delayed for a coupleof hours.

 【分析】依据句子语境可知，句子应该用过去时，表示发生在过去的客观事实（因为天气缘由，航班延误了），由固定短语“owing to+n/pron因为，由于”；“某事被延误，耽搁sth. be delayed”可知，故答案为Owing to bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours。

63. 【答案】Every designer hopes that his work can stand the test of time.

 【分析】依据句子的语境判断，句子应该用一般目前时，表示一般地客观事实（每一个设计师都有我们的愿望），依据动词stand使用方法：stand sth/doing sth. 经受住，忍受住某事；固定短语“期望做某事：hope to do/hope that+宾语从句，其中连词that可省略”可知，故答案为Every designer hopes that his work can stand the test of time。

64. 【答案】It is a difficult problem for high school students whetherthey can resist the temptation of online games.

 【分析】依据提示词it可知，这里可以用it作形式主语的主语从句来表达，结构为“”It+be+名词+for sb.+句子”，动词短语“抵制魅惑resist the temptation”，故答案为It is a difficult problem for high school students whether they can resist the temptation of online games。

65. 【答案】At the exhibition, the company's sales manager demonstrated the new type of electronic toys which children were looking forward to.

 【分析】依据句子的语境可知，表示发生在过去的展览会上的事情，动作发生在过去，所以句子应该用一般过去时，动词短语“展示某物demonstrate sth.”；“翘首以盼look forward to sth./look for sth.”，依据句意“孩子们翘首以盼的新型玩具”可知，这里可以用定语从句来表达，先行词为the new type of electronic toys，定语从句为which children were looking forward to，故答案为At the exhibition, the company's sales manager demonstrated the new type of electronic toys which children were looking forward to.

8、 书面表达

66. 【答案】 June 8, 2012

Last week, I visit two painting classes at a primary school. In one class a student called Amy dipped her feet in ink and made a painting out of footprints. By contrast, the same student used a brush to make a beautiful landscape painting.

The two paintings both intrigued me. They reminded me of a famous saying "Keep your eyes on the stars and your feet on the ground." The first painting represents that we should remain grounded and be cautious of being carried away with temporary success.

Success needs more than being simply down-to-earth, which also need dreams. The second painting embodied the reach of our dreams. Instead of ignoring the gleam of light that flashes across our mind, we'd better trust that the gleam and the spark will one day shine if we have faith in ourselves.

So we should dream big and act small. only by doing so, can we really make our dream come true.

 【分析】依据文章需要——写感想，可知为议论文。时间为“上周一”，可以推断时态为一般过去时为主。写作人称为第一人称。本题为开放类作文，考生依据图画写出绘画课给我们的启发即可。答案不唯一。